Cats or dogs? In East Asia, more people are becoming feline fans

Cats or Dogs? In East Asia, More People Are Becoming Feline Fans

Cats or dogs In East Asia – The debate over feline versus canine companionship has persisted for generations, yet recent trends in East Asia suggest a growing preference for cats. From bustling metropolises to smaller urban centers, the shift appears to be reshaping pet ownership habits. In Taiwan, for instance, the balance has tipped in favor of cats, with their population surpassing that of dogs for the first time in 2025, as revealed by a government survey. The number of domesticated cats there rose sharply from 1.3 million in 2023 to 1.7 million in 2024, marking a nearly 33% increase. This pattern is not unique to Taiwan—similar transformations have occurred in mainland China and Japan, where cats have steadily gained traction over the past decade.

The Rise of Feline Popularity

Japan, often cited as the pioneer of this trend, saw cats overtake dogs as the preferred pet more than a decade ago. The country’s urbanization and lifestyle changes have since fueled continued growth in feline adoption. In mainland China, the transition began in 2021, with reports indicating that the cat population surpassed that of dogs by the following year. Even in regions where dogs remain more common, such as South Korea and Hong Kong, cats are steadily gaining ground. This shift is attributed to several factors, including urban living conditions, rising loneliness, and the demands of modern work environments.

Urbanization plays a critical role in this phenomenon. In densely populated cities, many residents live in small apartments that are less accommodating for dogs. The need for frequent walks and outdoor space for canines makes them a less practical choice for busy professionals or individuals with limited room. “Cats are more convenient in a city setting because you don’t need to take them out as often,” noted Ellen Chung, a Hong Kong resident who spoke to CNN while visiting a cat café. “Also, some people are afraid of dogs, and cats just seem cuter.” Her observation reflects a broader sentiment among urban dwellers who prioritize low-maintenance companionship over the logistical challenges of dog ownership.

Cultural and Psychological Shifts

Experts attribute this trend to a deeper cultural and psychological transformation. Paul Wong, a clinical psychologist and associate professor at the University of Hong Kong, explained that the perception of pets has evolved from utilitarian roles to emotional companionship. “In the past, dogs were primarily seen as working animals, like for security or pest control, while cats were more practical for keeping rodents at bay,” he said. “Now, their value lies in providing comfort and reducing feelings of isolation.” This shift aligns with the growing emphasis on mental health and the search for solace in an increasingly fast-paced world.

Loneliness, a pervasive issue in urban societies, is a key driver. With many East Asians living alone in cities and facing demanding work schedules, cats offer a more accessible solution. “City life often leaves little time for a dog, which requires daily walks and attention,” said Joe Ngai, an assistant professor at Hong Kong Shue Yan University. “Cats adapt well to indoor environments and don’t need the same level of care, making them ideal for people with hectic routines.” The convenience factor, combined with their affectionate yet independent nature, has made cats a popular choice for those seeking a low-effort, high-reward companion.

Demographic and Social Context

East Asia’s demographic shifts also contribute to this trend. Over recent decades, young people in China, Japan, and South Korea have migrated en masse to urban areas, leaving behind rural communities that have seen a decline in population. This migration has led to a generation of individuals who prioritize career development over family life. “The pressures of city living—like hyper-competitive job markets, stagnant wages, and high living costs—have made cats a more practical option,” explained Wong. In China, the extreme work culture became so intense that it was criticized by the country’s top court in 2021. Japan, too, has its own term for the dangers of overwork: “karoshi,” or death by overwork, which highlights the societal toll of demanding labor practices.

These pressures have influenced broader social trends, including a decline in marriage and childbearing rates. “The decision to forgo marriage or parenthood often comes down to economic and time constraints,” said Ngai. “Cats serve as a substitute for the responsibilities of raising a child, offering a form of emotional connection without the same level of commitment.” This mindset is particularly evident in South Korea, where the perception of cats has undergone a dramatic reversal. Historically, cats were associated with ill fortune or evil spirits, but this stigma has diminished since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. According to a 2025 report by KB Financial Group, the number of pet cats in South Korea has surged, possibly due to the limitations of outdoor activities during lockdowns and the ease of indoor care.

Historical and Cultural Roots

While the modern surge in cat ownership is linked to contemporary urban challenges, some regions have deeper historical ties to feline culture. Japan, for example, is home to the globally recognized Hello Kitty, a cartoon character created in 1974 that has become a cultural icon and generated an estimated $80 billion in revenue. The country also has several “cat islands,” where feral cat populations have attracted tourists and sparked interest in feline-friendly lifestyles. These cultural elements have likely reinforced the appeal of cats as both pets and symbols of comfort.

Despite this growth, not all East Asian nations have embraced cats as enthusiastically as others. In South Korea, for instance, the preference for dogs persisted for many years. However, the pandemic and changing lifestyles have accelerated the cat population’s expansion. Veterinarians and pet care professionals in regions like Hwaseong, South Korea, have observed a notable increase in cat adoptions and volunteer participation. “There’s a clear sense that people are becoming more interested in cats,” said Beijing Gong Su-hyun, a veterinarian at a local cat adoption center. “They’re choosing pets that fit their busy lives and provide companionship without the same level of effort.”

Broader Implications

The growing popularity of cats is not just a reflection of personal preferences—it also signals broader societal changes. As young Asians continue to prioritize their careers and independent lifestyles, pets like cats are becoming integral to their emotional well-being. “Cats fill a gap left by declining family structures and fewer opportunities for social interaction,” said Ngai. This trend is compounded by the rise of cat cafés and online communities dedicated to feline care, which further normalize the idea of keeping cats as companions.

Demographers and sociologists warn that these shifts could have long-term effects on population dynamics. In China, for example, the number of pet cats is projected to surpass that of toddlers in the near future, raising questions about the role of pets in shaping family planning decisions. “The bond between humans and cats is evolving into something more profound,” said Wong. “For many, adopting a cat is almost like having a child, but with fewer demands.” This perspective underscores the emotional significance of pets in a world where traditional family roles are being redefined.

As East Asia continues to navigate the complexities of urban living and changing social norms, the cat’s ascent as a favored pet is likely to persist. From the convenience of indoor companionship to the cultural symbolism of feline figures, cats are adapting to the needs of a modern, urbanized society. Whether driven by practicality or affection, their growing presence in the region is a testament to the evolving relationship between humans and animals in an era of rapid transformation.